She had an abortion in the second month; does she have to offer any expiation?

 

I have five children, praise be to Allaah. Allaah decreed that I should conceive a sixth child, but I took some pills to abort it, approximately one and a half months after conception, and it was aborted. Now I greatly regret what I did. What should I do? Do I have to offer any expiation?.

Praise be to Allaah.
 

 

The basic principle is that it is not permissible to abort a
woman’s pregnancy at any stage except for a legitimate shar’i reason. If the
pregnancy is still a nutfah (drop), i.e., forty days or less, and if
aborting it will serve a shar’i interest or ward off some harm that may
affect the mother, it is permissible to abort it in this case. That does not
include fears of hardship incurred by raising children or not being able to
pay their expenses or to educate them, or being content with a certain
number of children, or other excuses that are not acceptable according to
sharee’ah. 

But if the pregnancy has lasted for more than forty days, it
is haraam to abort it, because after forty days it becomes an ‘alaqah (clot)
which is the beginning of a person. It is not permissible to abort it after
it reaches this stage, unless a trustworthy council of doctors agrees that
continuing the pregnancy poses a threat to the life of the mother, and there
is the fear that she may die if the pregnancy continues. Therefore your
aborting the pregnancy after one and a half months on the basis of your own
justification means that you committed a forbidden action, so you have to
repent sincerely from that and not do such a thing again in the future. 

Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah,
21/450. 

Secondly: 

With regard to expiation,
no expiation is required of you, because expiation is only required for
abortion of a foetus into whom the soul has been breathed, which is after
one hundred and twenty days have passed since conception.

 It says in Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (21/434): 

If the soul had been
breathed into the foetus that was aborted, i.e., four or more months had
passed, then expiation must be offered, which is to free a believing slave;
if that is not possible then you have to fast for two consecutive months. If
the soul had not yet been breathed into the foetus then it was a sin to
abort the foetus, but no expiation is required. Rather what is required is
repentance and praying for forgiveness.

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